Paying a house rent is an important and recurring monthly expense for an individual. Generally, the rental amount is paid by cash, online, or cheque by the tenants. However, paying rent via credit card is a new method, becoming popular due to the various advantages it offers, such as better flexibility in personal liquidity, cashback, and reward points.
Individuals have been using credit cards to spend for various purposes such as shopping, dining out, booking flight or movie tickets, and hotels. Along with these transactions, credit cards are now also being used to make rental payments.
It gives out benefits as against using cash, cheque, or online bank transfer to make rent payments, hence the market for such service is growing rapidly. Here are some of the advantages discussed of paying rent via credit card:
Provides financial benefits
An individual has the option of making a payment through various means, such as cash, debit card, credit card, online bank transfer, and Unified Payments Interface (UPI). However, several attractive financial benefits are offered by the credit card issuers such as Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance Sector (BFSI) companies to encourage their customers to use their credit cards over other payment modes.
Following are some of the benefits that a user may get on using a credit card for making a payment:
Attractive and easy payment plans
Majority of the time companies provide credit cards or even offer attractive payment plans. For instance, if you pay via their credit cards, they will provide you a 45-day interest-free period, which is practically free credit for more than a month. Since cash and cheques are more upfront modes of payment, such benefits can be availed only if the payment has been made through a credit card
Rewards and points
A particular number of reward points is offered by BFSIs for spending a specific amount of money through their credit card. For instance, a certain BFSI offers four reward points for every Rs 150 spent on things such as insurance, education, utilities, and rent, with one of their credit cards.
Every credit card issuer provides a varied number of reward points according to their terms and conditions. You can redeem these reward points and can use them to purchase products on dedicated bank websites, airline/travel/hotel websites, and e-commerce shopping platforms, depending upon the respective credit card issuer’s policy.
Note – You should check the reward policy of your card issuer and find out whether you are eligible to receive rewards for making rental payments.
Cashback offers
A financial benefit wherein a credit card user gets a set sum of money or a specified proportion of the transaction value back in cash. For instance, a well-known BFSI provides cashback of up to Rs 3,000 when rent is paid with their credit card for three in a row.
Gift vouchers
Gift vouchers are used as an alternative for cash, gift vouchers are used as an alternative to cash for purchases made in specified online or offline markets. Many companies give their clients gift cards to make transactions for a specific product or market.
Waiver on Annual maintenance charge/renewal fee
Certain credit card issuers offer a partial or complete waiver of the annual maintenance charge/renewal fee (which can range between Rs 500 and Rs 2,500) on spending a minimum amount of money via their card.
For instance, a well-known Indian bank completely waives its annual renewal fee of Rs 2,500 (excluding taxes) for making transactions of more than Rs 3 lakh through their credit card. If you make your rental payments through a credit card, reaching such amounts will be easy and could result in significant savings.
Create a line of credit
Regular use of credit cards for transactions establishes a line of credit, which is a preset borrowing limit that can be tapped into at any time. The same is vital since it offers credit rating bureaus to view active credit history and gauge your creditworthiness based on your card usage and repayments.
On repaying of credit card dues on time and in full, will help in maintaining a good credit score making it easier to avail of a loan from a financial institution in the future, and at a competitive interest rate.
Note – Check over regular use over 30 percent of the provided credit limit to avoid any negative impact on your credit score.
Improvement in personal liquidity
The deferred payment system on a credit card allows you to use a credit card now and pay for your purchase/s later. When using credit money does not get deducted immediately from your savings account, therefore your bank balance does not get affected.
Naturally, you will need to repay the money later on. The company will allow you to pay a minimal amount for sometimes if you don’t want to make full repayments by charging a high-interest rate on that unpaid differential between the minimum amount you have paid and the outstanding bill amount.
You can pay your rent using a credit card and pay the dues later to the issuer in case of any emergency situations when you need to use the existing bank balance for other purposes than your monthly rent such as family or personal medical emergency, debt, and investment losses or any others.
Lower the chances of delay in rent payments
Delays for a few days in rent payment can raise questions in the landlord’s mind about your intent to pay the rent for the remainder of the lease. It could also negatively affect your relationship with them, limiting your chances to continue living in the same property and renew the lease.
Certain credit card companies provide the services of automatic payment of rent which helps to minimize the chances that you may forget to make payment while engaging with a number of urgent commitments.
Ease in claiming the HRA benefits
Several organizations provide their employees a certain amount of money as a part of the salary package each month to pay their rental expenses. This part of the money, known as House Rent Allowance (HRA), can be used to claim a tax redemption by employees while filing their Income Tax Return (ITR).
You will be required to provide your monthly rent receipts to your employer to claim such benefits. Making payments of rental expenses through the credit card acts as proof of rent payments to your landlord. Certain credit card companies provide the rent receipt generating service of paying rent through their card. You can use these receipts to show to your employer for claiming the HRA benefits.
You’re buying or selling a property – an exciting time filled with possibilities. But amidst the whirlwind, navigating the legalities of property transfer can feel overwhelming. Fear not, future homeowner or seller! This blog unravels the steps involved in a smooth property transfer process.
Transfer of Property Act 1882
Under the Transfer of Property Act 1882 real estate is divided into two categories, movable and immovable. The act came into force on July 1, 1882, dealing with the aspects of property transfer and other real estate issues between living beings. It is amongst the oldest Indian legal systems with an extension of the laws of contracts, while running parallel with the succession laws. You should be aware of the property transfer legalities under the Transfer of Property Act, especially if you are planning to either transfer or receive immovable property.
Ways included under Transfer of Property Act 1882
Real estate transfer is done among two or more parties. The act is applicable for both individuals and companies going to transfer their rights of property.
Key inclusions are:
Transfer of Property Act is applicable to immovable properties.
The Act is applicable on transfers in the form of lease, exchange, gift, sale, mortgage, and actionable claims.
The Act does not cover inheritance, wills, forfeiture, insolvency, and sale through the execution of a decree.
Types of property transfer deeds
Sale Deed
The transfer of the property through the sale or purchase of the real estate is documented through the sale deed. The sale deed comprises all the details related to the buyer and the seller such as their names, addresses, property details, location and address of the property, total carpet area, and construction details. It is a crucial document for all the parties included under the Registration Act. The deed also includes the details of outstanding bank loans at the time of property transfers, if any. Apart from this, additional stamp duty is attached to the transfer of property through the sale deed.
Gift Deed
This deed is executed and is documented when the property is being transferred without the exchange of money. The transferor is required to draft it on stamp paper and get it attested by the witness before the registration.
Relinquishment Deed
Relinquishment deed is documented when the owner willfully transfers the property to the co-owner while relinquishing his share and rights to the property. The deed becomes irreversible and irrevocable, once it is signed by both parties and later registered. In most cases, money is not involved throughout the process. The stamp duty and other taxes are levied on the co-owner’s share in the property instead of the entire property value.
Transfer Deed
Under this deed, the owner transfers his right to the real estate along with the other benefits involved therein. Transfer deeds can not be documented for the sale and purchase of any real estate. While the transfer deed is not necessary to register, however, it must be signed in the presence of witnesses.
Things to consider while making a transfer of property
Memorandum of Understanding
Before buying a property, the parties need to sign a deed, and before signing the deed the parties are required to sign an MoU, which is one of the critical documents holding all the information on the cost of the property, the agreed duration of the whole amount to be paid, date of the agreement between a buyer and a seller, and details of the property.
Quit Claim Deed
This deed ensures the transfer of the property is done without committing any promises regarding the property. This is especially used to clear up the title issues in the transfer of the property during critical circumstances like the separation of couples or any impulse decision for property name transfer. This deed contains the complete names, price of the property, vendor and vendee, location, and legal description specifying the particulars of the property.
Name Change in Property Tax Document
To alter the property name after ownership transfer of property is required to submit certain documents to the Commissioner of Revenue. This process could take up to 25-30 days. The last paid tax receipt, attested copy of sale transaction deed, NoC from the particular housing society, and rightfully filled application form with signatures are some of the required documents for this process.
Warranty Deed
This deed provides assurance that the seller has all legal rights to transfer property, and nobody else possesses the rights to do so. It also ensures that the property has no debts related to it. This type of documentation is more liable in comparison to the quit claim deed, as a vendee can trust that there are no unpaid debts associated with the property. This deed is also known as the “Grant Deed”, as it promises the transfer of property to the recipient.
Conclusion
The process of buying and selling the property is indeed a complicated task. The transfer of property comes with its own set of rules and requirements. In case any mortgage is associated with the property, the transferor must discuss it beforehand with the transferee, as the transferer is still restricted to pay the lender even if the property is transferred and he is not interested in the property.
According to Sathish, a property consultant at South Zone Realty Consulting Pvt. Ltd., “investment rules for agricultural land in India vary among states due to the diverse geographical topographies, from eligibility criteria to land ceiling norms. To prevent future legal issues and losses, it is crucial for buyers to be knowledgeable about these state-specific investment regulations. Due to legal irregularities in the land acquisition process, the government has, on numerous occasions in the past, repossessed properties or severely fined purchasers.
Tips for buying agricultural land
Eligibility Requirements
The requirements for purchasing agricultural land vary from state to state. Tamil Nadu allows anyone to purchase agricultural land, however, there are some limitations in Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. For instance, the 2015 amendment to Sections 79 A and 79 B of the Karnataka Land Reforms Act 1961 limits the purchase of agricultural land to either a state-based agriculturist or someone with a history in agriculture. Also, the buyer’s non-agricultural income cannot be greater than Rs 25 lakh annually.
Purchase of agricultural land is also restricted for Non-Resident Indians (NRIs), People of Indian Origin (PIOs), overseas citizens of India (OCIs), and foreign nationals. NRIs, OCIs, and PIOs are permitted to purchase any type of moveable property in India, with the exception of agricultural land, farmhouses, and plantation land, in accordance with the Foreign Exchange Management (Acquisition and Transfer of Immovable Property Outside India) Rules, 2015. Only their forebears can leave them the land.
State-wise land laws
State
Land laws
Tamil Nadu
Maximum of 59.95 acres of agricultural land can be purchased.
The district collector may order the land to be turned into non-agricultural if there hasn’t been any farming on it in the last ten years.
Karnataka
A maximum annual income of Rs. 25 lakh is required for non-farmers to purchase agricultural land.
Before making the investment, the necessary approvals from the Deputy Commissioner must be obtained.
Land conversion by investors is not permitted.
The land must be put to use for farming within a year of the purchase date.
The State government is authorized to seize the land if farming on the property is abandoned within five years of the purchase.
Kerala
Agricultural land can be purchased by anyone, excluding NRIs.
The maximum allotment is 7.5 acres for an adult who is single or the lone survivor of the family.
The maximum size allowed for a family of two to five people is 15 acres.
The maximum size allowed for a family of more than five is 20 acres.
Maharashtra
Only farmers can purchase agricultural land.
A person is considered to be a farmer if either their parents or grandparents are farmers.
The buyer can buy it in the mentioned state in addition to any other agricultural land in India.
An agricultural land purchase is limited to 54 acres.
Gujarat
Such land can only be purchased by farmers.
Any farmer in the nation can purchase agricultural land.
Rajasthan
Except for NRIs and PIOs, anyone can purchase agricultural land.
The land must be converted for non-agricultural purposes within one year of purchase.
Non-agricultural activity on the land should begin within three years of conversion.
Madhya Pradesh
Except for NRIs and PIOs, anyone can buy agricultural land.
Haryana
Except for non-resident Indians, anyone can invest here.
Certain areas are referred to as Controlled Areas.
Except for NRIs, buyers must obtain a certificate from the State indicating a change in land-use for non-agricultural activities.
Himachal Pradesh
A non-farmer cannot buy agricultural land.
The investor must be a resident of the state.
Section 118 of the Himachal Pradesh Tenancy and Land Reforms Act, 1972, allows for the acquisition of non-agricultural land after obtaining the necessary permissions from the state.
West Bengal
A maximum of 17.5 acres of irrigated land and 24.5 acres of rainfed land may be purchased for private ownership under the West Bengal Land Reforms Act.
A maximum of 7.5 kottah can be purchased in urban areas.
Tea gardens, mills, workshops, livestock, breeding and poultry farms, dairies, and townships are among the land types exempted from the Land Reforms Act.
Andhra Pradesh
Land can also be purchased by non-farmers.
A maximum size of 10 acres of Class A land (irrigated and double-cropped wetland) is allowed to a family unit (individual, spouse and three minors)
A family unit can only buy up to 54 acres of Class K land (dry and non-irrigated land).
Uttar Pradesh
Anyone, except NRIs, can invest in agricultural land.
The maximum allowed area is 12.5 acres.
Land ceiling
The amount of agricultural land that a buyer is permitted to purchase is known as the land ceiling, and the standards differ greatly between regions. To avoid fraud and legal inconsistencies, it is crucial to be aware of these land-ceiling regulations.
Conversion of land
“Before beginning any development, agricultural property must be converted into residential land. Wetlands cannot be converted; only dry pastures can be used for land conversion, Sathish continues.
Send an application for a “change of land use” along with an explanation of the conversion’s justification to the commissioner of the land revenue department. Include a copy of your identity evidence, a letter of mutation, the original sale document, tax payment receipts, and a photocopy of the survey map for verification. Also, a cost that may vary from state to state is required for the conversion process.
Get through the legal obstacles
Special approval would be needed to transfer ownership rights if the agricultural land was given by the government. Also, the property should be fully in the owner’s possession. For instance, a landowner’s caretaker or guardian who is a minor cannot sell the property because they do not have complete ownership rights. Agricultural land that is leased is also ineligible for transfer. The government may even take the property in the event that the lessee transfers it dishonestly, in addition to punishing him.
Required documents to purchase agricultural land
The land’s title deed
This document is required to verify the seller’s legitimacy, particularly if there are many owners. To ensure that all of the owners agree to the transaction, the buyer must confirm the paperwork. The buyer must verify that his name appears in the official village records when the sale is finalized.
Sale contract
The buyer and seller both sign the sale agreement, which outlines all the specifics of the transaction. Once the deal is finished, it guarantees the transfer of the property.
Stamp duty
In accordance with the state’s regulations, stamp duty must be paid. From one state to another, this sum may be different.
Registration
The terms and circumstances of the property transfer to the buyer’s name are contained in the paperwork that is signed at the registrar’s office. In the presence of two witnesses, both parties sign the contract. The original title deed, the house tax receipts, and information about the property are typically included in the paperwork.
Tax bills and receipts
It is the buyer’s duty to check all prior paperwork, statements, and tax receipts to confirm that the property is free and clear of any outstanding debts.
Encumcrance certificate (EC)
An Encumbrance Certificate that the property is free from any financial or legal disputes. The EC must be picked up by the purchaser from the sub-registrar’s office.
Certificate of Land Measurement
It is the certificate indicating that land measurements are in accordance with the data mentioned in the title deed, which must be obtained from registered surveyor.
Power of attorney
NRIs cannot buy agricultural land for themselves, although they are able to sell whatever land they have inherited. An authorized, reliable third party who would represent the sale should be given a power of attorney. The paperwork must be acknowledged and signed by a representative of the Indian embassy in the country where the seller is located.
Before finalizing the purchase, prospective buyers of agricultural property in Gujarat and Maharashtra should review supplementary documents such as the 7/12 and 8A extracts.
Zoning for agriculture
The government frequently creates zones to designate certain areas as land. Zoning is used to encourage strategic development and guarantee that the property is used to its full potential given its kind. Shades of yellow, for instance, indicate the usage of land for residential purposes, whereas red designates the development of facilities like those for religious and educational purposes. Similar to how light and dark blue represent commercial land lots for offices, business centres, and retail facilities like restaurants, malls, and movie theatres.
The colour “Green” is utilised for agricultural and landscaping tasks. A town planning scheme or a city’s master plan may use various shades of green to represent a forest, lake, valley, pond, garden, agricultural area, or cemetery.
It is essential to understand the rules governing the selling and purchase of agricultural land in a State. In the event that there are many owners, the buyer should be cautious about the paperwork and double-check the title deed, land agreement, encumbrance certificate, and release certificate. Understanding the validity of the documents is essential for thwarting fraud.
Commercial land is used to construct factories, warehouses, retail stores, and office buildings. They are situated in locations designated for industrial or commercial use. However, the conditions for buying commercial land range significantly from those for buying other types of real estate and are specific to each region.
In order to develop operations and engage in business activities, businesses may purchase commercial land. Due to the higher returns on investment, many people engage in commercial real estate primarily for the purpose of leasing it to tenants. But are you aware of the procedures and requirements for buying commercial real estate? What are the benefits and drawbacks of purchasing commercial real estate? The article below provides a thorough breakdown of the details to aid you.
What is commercial property?
Every piece of property used for business purposes is referred to as commercial land, as the term suggests. Residential or agricultural uses are not permitted on these properties, which are explicitly designated for industrial and commercial activity. There are various kinds of commercial plots, each with unique characteristics and purposes. Because of its scarcity and usefulness as a location for establishing businesses, commercial property is also more expensive than residential land. Commercial land’s price depends on its location, accessibility, size, and development potential. Its price and appeal are also influenced by variables including population increase, zoning laws, economic expansion, and planned infrastructure development.
Commercial land types
Some common types of commercial lands are listed below:
Retail Land: This category of commercial property is utilised for retail establishments such malls, department stores, and independent retail shops. Such lands must be positioned carefully if they are to attract customers.
Office Land: This category of commercial property includes both high-rise and low-rise office structures. The selection of lands for the construction of offices is heavily influenced by connectivity.
Industrial Land: These commercial lands are used for industrial purpose, warehouses, and distribution centres. Also, it might comprise data centres and facilities for research and development; they are typically found in remote regions.
Hospitality Land: It is commercial land used for hotels, resorts, or other hospitality-related companies.
Agricultural Land: Commercial land that is utilised for agriculture, such as farms and orchards. In recent years, organic farming has experienced extraordinary popularity.
Institutional Land: These types of land parcels are utilised to build institutions such as colleges, schools, and coaching facilities.
Mixed-Use Land: This category of commercial property consists of a variety of purposes, including office, retail, and residential space. High-rise skyscrapers or master-planned communities could be these properties.
Commercial lands are additionally color-coded. The government labels commercial areas with different colours to be used for diverse reasons.
This table shows various colour code for commercial lands.
Colour
Land use
Red zone
land set aside for specific uses, such as those related to social infrastructure like schools, hospitals, or places of worship
Dark blue
Dedicated to retail, cinemas, and hospitality.
Dark yellow
Stands for grocery stores and shops. Yellow areas typically denote developments with residential and commercial components where about 33% of commercial activity is allowed. Only residential developments are indicated by light yellow.
Light blue
Associated with establishing business districts
Grey zone
Allows for the development of heavy industries and manufacturing plants.
Light purple or violet
Indicates industries and factory establishments
Dark purple or violet
Used to indicate development of technology-oriented industries
Why buy commercial real estate?
Purchasing commercial land may be a wise choice for a number of reasons, including:
Possibility of long-term appreciation: Due to its limited supply and rising demand, commercial land tends to increase in value over time.
Consistent cash flow: The rental income and development earnings from commercial land can produce a consistent cash flow. You might be able to charge higher rentals or lease rates if you buy a business property in a region that is in high demand.
Portfolio diversification: Buying commercial real estate might help you spread your risk among several asset classes and diversify your investment portfolio.
Reduced maintenance and management costs: Commercial land has lower maintenance and management costs than other types of commercial assets.
Inflation Hedge: Commercial land can serve as an inflation hedge because both its value and the income it provides are subject to inflation.
What are the risks associated with purchasing commercial land?
Despite the potential advantages of investing in commercial real estate, there are a few potential drawbacks to be aware of:
High entry costs: Since commercial land is more expensive than the majority of other real estate assets, it demands a sizable initial investment.
Market instability: The value of commercial land is vulnerable to market volatility, which can be influenced by changes in the economy and interest rates. Periods of poor or negative investment returns may result from this.
Lack of liquidity: Commercial land is a costly asset that might be challenging to dispose rapidly.
Issues with regulations and zoning: Commercial properties are subject to a number of laws and zoning rules, which can restrict their usage and lower their value.
Environmental concerns: Pollution or contamination on commercial property can be expensive to clean up and can lower the value of your property. Business land may also be vulnerable to these dangers.
How can you protect yourself from legal issues?
Purchasing commercial real estate may necessitate adhering to a number of legal requirements. Here are some pointers for buying commercial property:
Check paperwork: Be sure that all necessary papers are in order, including land titles and zoning permits. Get a legal professional who can examine land-related contracts if you want to. A lawyer can also assist in identifying any potential legal responsibilities or hazards and offer advice on how to reduce those risks. This is significant since local regulations on commercial property investments vary; therefore, a local specialist might be able to help you more effectively.
Adhere to zoning regulations: To prevent any potential problems, make sure the site is designated for commercial use and that you adhere to all zoning requirements. If these rules are broken, there may be fines, penalties, or legal consequences.
Understand property tax: Be sure you are aware of the property tax ramifications of your investment, including any applicable exemptions or charges. It’s crucial to speak with a tax expert because property tax regulations can differ depending on where you live.
You can identify and steer clear of any legal hazards associated with your investment by staying current on legal developments relating to commercial land investments, such as changes in zoning rules, tax regulations, and environmental restrictions.
Laws regulating commercial land
Commercial land is governed by a variety of traditions and laws, both at the state and federal levels. They include land pooling, land ceilings, land zoning, and land usage, in addition to rent control, urban development, property tax, and property ownership. The principal guidelines that apply to land use include:
Indian Stamp Act, 1899 and Registration Act, 1908
Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013
Transfer of Property Act, 1882
Indian Easement Act, 1882
Indian Contract Act, 1872
Land Revenue Codes; Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA)
When is the right moment to exit from commercial land investment?
It can be difficult to know when to sell a commercial real estate investment, and the decision is influenced by a number of variables. These are some important factors to remember:
Investment objectives: Deciding when to sell will depend in large part on your investment objectives. For instance, if you bought a home with the intention of making money, you might want to keep it as long as it continues to bring in a consistent source of rental revenue. But, if your investment strategy was to generate capital gains, you might want to consider selling when the property’s value has increased significantly.
Market circumstances: Your business property’s value might be significantly impacted by market conditions. It can be a good time to sell if the local real estate market is robust and demand is high. On the other hand, it can be a wiser idea to keep onto the property if the market is struggling or in a downturn until things get better.
Plans for future development: It can be wise to keep the property until these plans are carried out if there are future development plans for the neighbourhood, such as new commercial projects or infrastructure. In the long run, this might boost the property’s value and offer a higher return on investment.
In order to determine the actual worth of land, a number of land evaluation techniques have been established around the world. A few approaches to determining the value of land and setting its price have gained significant traction on a global scale based on their efficacy. They are also used pretty frequently in India. Some significant ones are covered in this article.
Comparative valuation method for land valuation
This method is frequently used to determine the value of apartments in a time when apartment-based projects have become an essential component of urban living. This technique, also known as the sales comparison approach, aids in determining the worth of your property by comparing the prices of nearby properties that are similar to yours.
Let’s imagine that two apartments in your housing community recently sold for Rs. 1 crore each. The same sum would serve as the asking price for your home if you were to sell it soon.
This approach of property valuation works because you live in a bustling market with access to comparable data. When you finally list your flat for sale, though, you might discover that potential buyers are only ready to offer you Rs 90 lakh for it. There may be a number of causes for this.
Location: Even inside a housing society, location is crucial in determining a property’s worth. For instance, apartments at the main entry point will sell for less money because occupants might experience constant disturbance. Similarly, a flat facing a park is more attractive for a buyer and, therefore, will cost more than a property surrounded by other flats.
Shape: While no one prefers a house with an odd shape, the likelihood that such homes will fetch the full asking price is further reduced with Vastu making a significant comeback in India. According to principles, apartments with oddly shaped rooms restrict their owners’ chances of succeeding both personally and professionally.
Size: if your home is even smaller than that of your neighbor, it will never be worth as much money.
Level: The level of your flat will determine the value of your property, depending on the city where you live. Due to recurrent flooding during the monsoon season, apartments in housing societies on the upper floors in Mumbai are more expensive than those on the lower floors. On the other hand, the National Capital Region (NCR), sets a high price on apartments on the first floor.
Frontage: Compared to other properties, a corner flat or plot would command a higher price due to the simpler entry and exit locations.
Legal issues: Let’s say your sibling owns your property in a joint ownership arrangement and is unwilling to sell his half. Such a situation could cause value depreciation in addition to delaying the sale.
Land valuation development method
The value of the plots and the flats that are constructed on such plots are mostly determined using this method. This widely acknowledged method, also known as the residual land value method, aids in determining a land parcel’s potential.
The plot’s value formerly was insignificant, but impeding infrastructural development might multiply that value many times over.
For instance, a bigha (27,000 sq ft) of land in Jewar was once sold for around Rs 4-5 lakhs. Land prices have reached Rs 20-25 lakh per bigha after Jewar was chosen as the site for the second airport to serve the NCR. As a result, the prices and rental values of apartments in housing societies in surrounding Greater Noida areas have also gone up.
Land valuation using the land and building method
This approach to land valuation assesses the value of the land individually before adding the value of the building to the result to determine the total cost. This approach could be used to arrive at both a land valuation and a property valuation.
Reconstruction costs are calculated first, and then depreciation adjustments are made to arrive at the building’s value. Due to the building’s age, construction method, present state, quality depreciation, etc., a depreciation of Rs 5 lakhs from its value could be applied if the structure could be rebuilt for Rs 25 lakhs, for example. By using this method, the building in this instance only costs Rs 20 lakh. To calculate the capitalized value of any comparable property, multiply the net annual revenue by its rental potential (let us assume this is Rs 55 lakh). The land’s worth is determined by the difference between the two numbers, i.e., Rs 35 lakhs.
Belting method of valuing land
The belting approach is the most useful and popular way to value a large piece of land in a city. The entire piece of land is divided into three belts for this purpose, with the portion nearest to the main road receiving the most value. Usually, the front belt can extend up to 10 feet, while the second belt can go as far as 50 feet. The third belt would be the component that comes next. Whereas the second belt may receive 75% of the value of the first belt, the third belt could receive 50% of that value. Areas up to 150 feet would be valued at Rs 7.50 lakhs if belt 1 is worth Rs 10 lakhs. Depending on how large it is, areas beyond this would be valued Rs 5 lakhs.
Property valuation using the guidance value method
A precise guidance value, also known as a circle rate, ready reckoner rate, etc., has been assigned to land by authorities, making the job easier for some of us. States take this action in order to collect stamp duty and registration fees on property transfers. For instance, Gurugram’s district government has announced an increase in the circle rate that is likely to increase the cost of purchasing land parcels. The government-specified rates, however, can be greater or lower than the property’s current market value. Find out the going market rate if you intend to sell your plot or flat.
Land’s market value
There is a difference between the market price of land and its market value. The amount the landowner is willing to ask for when selling it on the open market is the market price of the property. The amount that this land is worth, particularly in the eyes of potential buyers, in relation to its price reflects the market value of the property.
A property owner usually assigns a value to it based on a variety of considerations. Yet, when a potential buyer begins to examine this same land, he might not think it is as valuable as the owner believes. This demonstrates that both buyers and sellers engage in negotiation. This illustrates how different buyers and sellers place different values on land.
The difference between a land’s market value and its market price
It is possible to calculate the market price of a land using a few crucial details, without even personally visiting the site. The market price of land or property is determined by supply and demand, the property’s condition, and previous deals on similar properties.
Simply perform some data analysis to determine the price at which comparable land parcels in the same location are currently being sold. In this case, if a similar land plot sale yielded the owners, let’s say, Rs 2,000 per sq ft, an agent would anticipate getting the same price for his client.
However, since the market price of land is attached without taking the value component into account, the agent would need to physically visit the site in order to completely comprehend the value of this land piece.
For instance, the plot is worth more than comparable land parcels in the neighbourhood if it is close to the main road. If the plot, for example, is close to a cemetery, its value would be significantly lower than that of other nearby plots of equal size.
An owner should set a market price for his land parcel or other property only after considering all of these variables. The buyer should be willing to pay this amount, and the seller should be open to accepting it.
The final rate of sale would be the market price of the land, which would have an effect on the market value of nearby properties. So, both of these things continue to have a significant impact on each other.
Important things to keep in mind when valuing land
Property Location: The most important factor in determining a piece of land’s value is its location. A locality’s value, or lack thereof, is based on the level of development there. Because of this, a large tract of property in a developing neighborhood would sell for much less than a small plot in a prosperous neighborhood. One excellent illustration of this is the rise in land prices in Noida near the Jewar Airport.
Construction quality: The quality of the building built on the site comes in second when considering its value. Even if there is no age difference between two buildings in the same neighborhood, a structure constructed with premium materials will cost significantly more than a building constructed with average quality materials. Keep in mind that you must use technical professionals because you might not have the knowledge to evaluate the construction quality on your own.
Age of the property: An additional aspect that affects a property’s value is age. An older building would be considerably less expensive than a new one in the same spot.
Builder brand: In the case of a building, the developer’s brand will also affect pricing. For example, a project from a well-known developer will cost more than one from a developer who is somewhat less well-known.
An individual and a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) can avail tax exemptions from capital gains invested in eligible transactions such as purchasing or constructing new assets. only a person living in India can apply for tax exemption under this section to save on capital gains.
A person or a family can sell immovable assets and make gains tax-free if the transaction is eligible under this section, as suggested under Section 54.
Types of capital gains
It is a property owned by an individual assessee or a HUF that is related to business or simply ownership of assets. There are different types of assets such as immovable, tangible, moveable, intangible, circulating, and fixed.
Based on the period of holding capital gains is categorized into two types, ‘long-term’ and ‘short-term’ in the Income-tax Act, 1961.
The short-term capital gain (STCG) or loss is considered when the property is transferred before the expiry of 36 months. If the property is sold after 36 months, it will be considered in long-term capital gain (LTCG) or Loss.
Further, STCG will be taxed at income tax slab rates applicable to the taxpayer and LTCG would be subject to tax at 20% with indexation benefit.
How to save income tax on capital gains from house property
Tax exemption under section 54 by investing in another residential house
Any individual taxpayer who receives capital gains from the sale or transfer of a house can claim exemption under this section.
Received gains must be invested in another residential house property in India. The available tax exemption would be lower of the following amounts:
Investment made in the new residential house property
Amount of capital gain
The capital gain must be invested or used to purchase the new house property within one year before or two years after selling the old residential property. The new property should be constructed within three years of the sale of the old property.
In case capital gains are derived from the compulsory acquisition of house property by the government, the period for buying or constructing a new house will be determined from the date of compensation receipt.
However, if the new residential property is sold before the lock-in period of 3 years, the tax exemption under section 54 will expire. The amount will be reduced from the cost of newly acquired property sold, and the capital gains will be computed in accordance with that.
For instance, a taxpayer sells the property before the lock-in period of 3 years and claims an exemption of Rs. 20 lakhs by investing Rs. 60 lakhs in a new property. The cost of the new property would be taken as Rs. 40 lakhs for the purpose of computing capital gains instead of the original cost of Rs. 60 lakhs.
Tax exemption under section 54 applies only to house property purchased/constructed in India. No such exemption can be claimed for house property purchased outside India.
Typically, one-house property is eligible for tax exemption. However, FY 2020-21 exceptions made tax exemption available for two-house properties if the total capital gains do not exceed Rs 2 crore. The taxpayer can only avail himself of this exemption once in his lifetime.
Tax exemption under section 54EC by investing in specified bonds
Individuals can claim tax exemption under section 54EC regarding LTCG from selling any residential or commercial property. To avail of the tax exemption, they are required to invest in bonds that the government notifies. Such specified bonds have a lock-in period of 5 years and if it is sold before the expiry of 5 years, then the tax exemption will lapse.
Within a period of 6 months from the date of sale/transfer of such property, investment in specified bonds is required to claim tax exemption. The amount of such tax exemption must be less than the following:
Capital gain; or
Amount invested; or
Rs. 50 lakh
Rural Electrification Corporation (RECL), Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC), and Power Finance Corporation Ltd (PFCL) are the currently specified bonds in which the taxpayer can invest.
Tax exemption under section 54G by investing in a specified company
This section allows individual taxpayers to claim tax exemption on LTCG gained from sale of house property. Suppose net sale consideration received on the sale of the property is invested in equity shares of an eligible specified company (usually a startup). In that case, it is eligible to claim the tax exemption. Additionally, the company must utilize the sum to purchase certain machinery and plant, office equipment, or any vehicle for official use within a period of 1 year.
The investment must be made on or before the due date of income tax return filing. For instance, if the house is sold in February 2022, the investment must be made in the startup/company on or before July 31, 2022. The allowed exemption will be proportionate to the amount so invested if the entire net sale consideration is not utilized for investment purposes.
Other things to keep in mind when claim capital gains exemption
Due to practical difficulties, taxpayers are sometimes unable to make the aforementioned investments within the specified time period. The Capital Gains Account Scheme (CAGS) was introduced to ease such concerns.
Taxpayers who are unable to invest their money within the required timeframe can deposit their money in a CGAS account to avail the tax exemption.
Taxpayers must only use a CAGS account if they are willing to invest their capital gains in another house or property or company/start-up to obtain a tax exemption.
CGAS deposit must be made on or before the ITR filing deadline (July 31) or the actual filing date, whichever is earlier. The money deposited in this scheme can be withdrawn at any time to invest in equity shares of an eligible specified company or another residential property. However, the capital gains will be taxable if the taxpayer fails to invest from CAGS within the prescribed time limits i.e. 2 years for purchasing a new property or 3 years in case of construction of a new property.
The real estate market is very intricate. In this market, price changes are frequently gradual and hard to predict. This is primarily due to the types of investors investing in the real estate markets. As a result, understanding the real estate markets must start with understanding the participants and their motivations. We’ll focus on those factors in this article:
Investment Motive
Real estate investors can be distinguished primarily based on their investment goals. Every investor purchases real estate. But not all of them do so for the same motives. Let’s look at the three main categories of investors in the market.
Speculators: These are the types of investors who, shouldn’t even be called “investors” in the first place, they give a bad name to real estate investing. This is because if you read their blogs and believe what they claim, they will present real estate investing as a simple endeavor. These are the individuals who assert to have made a million dollars in four years without making any of their own investments by merely flipping real estate. The reality is that such outcomes are almost never attained. Real estate investing is a time-honored strategy for building wealth that only works over the long term. The majority of these speculators are either con men looking to earn a quick buck by selling their false “surefire real estate profit strategy”, or they are sufferers of these fraudsters who are actually using their fake strategies on the market. A few years ago, it was difficult to attract investors in this sector. But recently, they’ve become much more prevalent.
End Users: This group of investors is the most prevalent one in the real estate market. Real estate buyers frequently purchase their own homes. They plan on residing in the home for a long time. This alters their perspective on the investment. These people don’t consider buying real estate to be purely a financial choice. They consider it to be a choice of lifestyle. This is due to the daily requirement that they live there. As a result, factors like the distance needed to travel to work and the lifestyle amenities close by play a crucial part. Based on where these investors’ jobs are now or are anticipated to be in the coming days, it is possible to forecast the demand for these types of investors.
Long-Term Investors: The last group consists of long-term real estate owners. These individuals invest in the real estate market to earn money, just like “flippers.” However, they do not make quick choices. They know that real estate is a slow-moving, illiquid asset whose value gradually increases. The real estate investment sector includes numerous companies.
Degree of Control
There are two additional groups that can be added to the long-term investor category. They are differentiated based on how much influence each of these groups has over the relevant property.
Active-Investors: A few long-term owners favor doing their own property management. They are the ones who rent out their properties, locate tenants, and manage repairs. Additionally, they might actively manage the property and make multiple visits to check on any damage the tenants may have caused. They are referred to as active investors because they actively engage in the buying process.
Passive Investors: Other long-term investors own the land. However, they are uninvolved in running its daily operations. They hire staff members or employ specialized real estate management companies to do this. They are referred to as passive owners because they don’t participate in property upkeep. They don’t actually run the property; they just provide the cash flow needed for financing it.
The legal entity
Finally, a real estate investor’s type can also be determined by the kind of legal entity they are. A legal entity is significant because it establishes a person’s level of liability.
Individual Investors: The majority of real estate market investors are individuals. They have unlimited liability. This means that if they take out a mortgage on one house and default on it, their other assets can be liquidated to make up the loss.
Institutional Investors: Institutional Investors: There are a lot of institutional investors in the real estate industry as well. Usually, these organizations raise money for themselves by selling long-term bonds on the bond markets. Since there is a secondary market for these bonds, they are very flexible and give investors a hassle-free way to join and exit the real estate market. While individual real estate investors may outnumber institutional investors in terms of sheer numbers, when it comes to size or volume, they fall far short of the large companies that put up billions of dollars in real estate investments.
The real estate market is, therefore, complicated, just like other marketplaces. Real estate prices are determined by the competition and cooperation between the various investor groups, each of which has distinct goals.
Using two color combinations to make your bedroom stylish and give it a calm look where you can relax and unwind yourself at the end of the day. In this article, we will talk about some of the best two-color combinations for your bedroom.
Using two color combinations for the bedroom walls is the latest trend. A bedroom with two colors on the walls looks elegant and offers a soft visual contrast to the space’s general aesthetic. Here are some options for bedroom wall color combinations.
Ideas for two-color combination for bedroom wall
Here are some of the most eye-catching trends to draw inspiration from when choosing a color scheme for your bedroom.
Baby pink with lime green
You can select pink and lime green as a striking two-color combination for the bedroom walls. Like the two color combination for bedroom walls image above, even the smallest hint of nature’s predominant color, green, can infuse your bedroom with a lot of vivacity. Green has a calming effect and creates a relaxed atmosphere, making it the perfect.
A soft touch is added by using the color combinations of green and pink for the bedroom walls. In this bedroom’s two-color scheme, hints of green on the walls, pillows, area rug, chair, and lamp help to balance out the room’s overall pink theme. Use a bold pink color scheme for your accent wall if you love drama. To make this interior bedroom color scheme more sophisticated, add a splash of lime green to the furniture and bedding.
Blend two shades of pink
Pink is a soothing and calming color. Its various tones can be applied to the bedroom wall. Pink has romantic, passionate, and harmonious flavour that make it a suitable color for bedroom walls. Baby pink and candy pink, rose pink, or blush pink shades can be combined on the walls as they represent love. Use a shocking shade of magenta or a bright raspberry pink as the border only if you are hesitant to add it.
Otherwise, use a softer pink color for the remainder of the wall. Pale pink and pretty peach hues are ideal for designing a relaxing bedroom. For a lovely visual appeal, the dual color combination of pink shades is a great choice, with dark shades on the lower portion of the wall and light shades on the upper portion. Pink and white color combinations can also be used to create geometric patterns on the walls.
Blue and pink
Blue and pale pink are two soothing color combination ideas for bedroom walls. Light colors like light pink and light blue have ability make you fell refreshed. The pink tones are soothing. Go for light pink rather than dark pink if you want to choose darker blue shades. Pale blue is a calming color that is perfect for the bedroom because it promotes relaxation. Make sure that the neon pink and blue colors are perfectly balanced.
Paint a huge mint blue circle on the pink wall behind the headrest to brighten it. The opposite wall should be covered with the same circular patterns. Maintaining the color throughout the wall creates a unified and eye-catching appearance. Even patterns with blue, pink, and other colors work well to create a sense of cohesion in the space.
Orange and charcoal
Charcoal and burnt orange are a great color combination for bedroom walls if you like brighter hues. Orange can be used as a decorative accent in the space, such as on a wall or in textiles.
A bed headrest or carpet in the color of charcoal can give off the ideal cozy atmosphere. Beds and wardrobes made of wood or white can complement the vibrant combination of burnt orange and charcoal.
White and orange
Orange is a cheerful and energizing color. White works well in the bedroom with orange-colored furnishings. The color orange can be used in a plethora of ways, from muted burnt orange to vibrant tangerine. White’s gentleness and nuance work to subdue the intensity of orange colors.
If you’re still hesitant to use orange in your home decor, think about using a softer, lighter orange with beige undertones to add some color without overpowering the room. Use orange only on the corner walls of a white bedroom to make a modern yet striking impression.
Navy blue and white
In order to create a bedroom that is bright, airy, soothing, and fresh, white and blue are two colors that go together beautifully. There are numerous ways to incorporate this evergreen combination of two colors for bedroom walls in 2023.
Navy blue paint with a high gloss finish can give your bedroom’s decor an interesting depth and dimension. Your room will appear larger than it is if it has white walls. The color combination of blue and white for bedroom walls also makes for a fantastic canvas for adding splotches of partly cloudy blue hues. The romantic atmosphere of the room will be enhanced by the addition of a sheer white canopy bed.
Light blue and yellow
The blue and yellow wall color scheme in the bedroom is all about comfort, well-being, and good vibes. The easiest way to draw attention without detracting from the bedroom’s neutral color scheme is to add a dash of yellow.
It is contemporary and just bold enough to stand out. If you want a charming and fun theme, this bedroom’s two-color scheme is ideal. A soft blue color combination for the bedroom adds an ethereal, dreamy quality while remaining versatile, making it ideal for your bedroom. For a relaxing atmosphere, use a yellow two-color combination on your bedroom walls in pastel colors.
Brown and white
Brown and white are soothing colors that create a cozy and romantic bedroom. A bedroom can be made more appealing by adding contrast and a unique two-paint design. Brown is a great equalizer in any room, whether it’s a deep, rich chocolate color or a soft, muted taupe. The white color creates the appearance of more room. For a peaceful bedroom, it is preferable to choose muted wall paints in shades of white and light brown.
Alternately, you can paint the walls with splotches of the two colors, or you can paint one wall textured brown and the others white. Brown abstract patterns on a white background can easily make the two colors on the wall look beautiful together. According to Vastu, white and brown go well together in bedrooms because they make one feel content and at peace. White in the bedroom promotes serenity because it represents purity.
Cream and brown
The two-color combination of cream and brown for bedroom walls is lavish and elegant. According to reports, a bedroom wall color combination of chocolate brown and cream can look opulent and seductive, making it one of the top 10 two color combinations for bedrooms in 2021.
Your bedroom can look inviting and elegant with the right brown and cream wall paint color combination for the walls. When using these color combinations for the walls, keep them mostly cream and add a hint of chocolate brown. With these color schemes, wooden flooring looks its best. Combine a side table, a picture frame, and brown bed linens to complement the calming browns of the wall.
Lavender and off-white
A popular color scheme for bedroom walls among millennials is lavender and off-white. The beautiful lavender walls in this bedroom’s two-color scheme exude the right mood. It creates a dreamy environment when combined with off-white walls. You can go for off-white paint on the four walls and lavender accents on the ceiling.
Lavender is the color of healing and promotes tranquility, according to color psychology. This color scheme for the bedroom, when combined with off-white, creates a bedroom that is healing and joyful, both of which are greatly needed in the post-pandemic era.
Peach and white
One of the most popular color schemes for bedrooms is peach because it has a calming effect and is simple to match with other hues. An extravagant color scheme for room walls that works well with minimalist room décor is milky white walls with a delicate peach hue.
To match the peach walls, paint the pillars white or use peach-white patterns on the walls. To improve the aesthetic appeal of your room, add white accessories like lamps, photo frames, and bed headrests.
Almond brown and muted green
One of the top two color combinations for bedroom walls in 2023 is brown and green. Combined with almond brown, green is a calming color that is ideal for a peaceful bedroom.
These color schemes in the bedroom work together flawlessly to produce a relaxing atmosphere that is incredibly soothing. Sage green color is very popular to give bedrooms a look that is inspired by nature. The almond brown and green combination for bedroom walls creates a neutral option for a calm environment.
Grey and pastel yellow
The grey and yellow two color combination for bedroom walls will liven up your walls by contrasting calming gray with energizing pastel yellow paint. To give the appearance of high ceilings, paint the top one-third of the wall yellow and the bottom two-thirds of the wall grey. You can experiment with drawing straight, curved, or zigzag yellow lines on a light grey wall.
Paint grey walls with a two-color combination for a contemporary appeal, and then cover them with yellow geometric shapes. Select bedroom wall colors with sophisticated grey and soft yellow undertones that you can live with. You can add vibrant yellow to bookcases and soft furnishings.
Burgundy and beige
A burgundy-colored wall will brighten your entire bedroom. To give the space a feeling of freshness, layer the room with beige tones. A simple accent burgundy wall can add life to any bedroom. When combined with sober beige, burgundy helps to balance out the bold walls, as shown in the two color combination for bedroom walls image below.
Elegant interiors and bedrooms with Moroccan or Art Deco influences benefit greatly from these two color schemes. They are the ideal option for incorporating romance, drama, and glitz. Select the cream color shade carefully, allowing the beige’s neutrality to work in favor of the dark accent color.
Mint blue and grey
Grey and mint blue are lovely colors combinations for opulent bedroom walls. Mint blue is a soft blue-green color. The dull, neutral shade of grey blends beautifully with the shade of mint blue when used as a wall color in a bedroom. A comfortable and opulent atmosphere can be created in the bedroom using this traditional color palette.
Add a few accessories in a bold blue or grey color to finish off the look. Use mint-toned blues and various shades of light and dark grey. This is a popular two-color combination for bedroom walls in 2023. A grey wall can be made elegant by adding a few vertical stripes of mint blue.
Red and white
When it comes to giving the bedroom a boost of energy and a hint of romance, go for red, but do so subtly. According to Vastu, red should never be overdone in the bedroom. It would look fantastic as an accent wall in a bedroom with soft white tones.
Additionally, the bedroom’s white and red color combination gives the space a bright, airy appearance. Instead of painting an entire wall red, you could add a red flower accent to a white wall to brighten it up. You can also choose grunge texture paint by painting one wall in a combination of red and white.
White and cream
The first step in using white and cream together is to choose the right shades. Look for a white that has warm undertones, such as ivory or off-white, as opposed to a cool, stark white. For cream, select a shade that is slightly darker than the white you have chosen, with a hint of yellow or beige.
These colors will complement each other and create a cohesive look in the room. These colors can add depth and dimension to the space when used together on the walls, while still maintaining a minimalist and clean aesthetic.
White and grey
White and grey is an evergreen color combinations that can bring a sense of sophistication and elegance to a bedroom. Whether you prefer a modern or traditional style, this pairing can create a calm and serene atmosphere that promotes relaxation and restful sleep.
To achieve this look, start by choosing a shade of white that works well with the natural light in your room. If your space receives a lot of natural light, opt for a cooler white with blue or gray undertones. If your room lacks natural light, choose a warmer white with yellow or cream undertones to create a cozy feel.
Black and grey
Black and grey are a classic color combination for a bedroom. These colors are often associated with sophistication, elegance, and modern style. When used correctly, they can create a calming and serene environment in your bedroom.
One way to use black and grey in your bedroom is to paint the walls in alternating stripes. You could have one wall painted in black, the next wall in grey, and so on. This creates a visually striking pattern that adds depth and dimension to your bedroom.
White and orange
White and orange make for a beautiful and refreshing color combination for bedroom walls. The combination of a bright and bold color like orange with the crisp and clean look of white can create a calming and energizing environment in your bedroom.
Paint one wall in a bright and bold shade of orange while keeping the rest of the walls white. This will create a striking focal point and add warmth to your bedroom.
Indigo and White
Indigo and white make a striking color combination for a bedroom. Indigo is a deep, rich shade of blue that exudes a sense of tranquility and calmness. White, on the other hand, is a classic color that creates a sense of purity and elegance. When used together, these colors can create a soothing and serene environment in your bedroom.
One way to incorporate indigo and white into your bedroom is by painting the walls in a two-tone color scheme. You could paint the lower half of the walls in indigo and the upper half in white, separated by a chair rail or a piece of decorative molding. This will add visual interest to the room and make it feel more spacious.
Yellow and cream
Yellow and cream make a beautiful and harmonious color combination that can create a warm and inviting atmosphere in your bedroom. This color scheme is ideal for those who want to add a touch of brightness and cheerfulness to their space while maintaining a sense of calmness and relaxation.
When it comes to bedroom walls, you can use yellow and cream in different ways to achieve the desired effect. One option is to paint the walls in a light cream color and then use yellow accents, such as throw pillows, curtains, or a decorative rug, to add pops of color to the room.
Mint green and white
Mint green and white is a refreshing and soothing color combination that can create a serene and tranquil ambiance in a bedroom. Mint green is a soft and calming hue that evokes feelings of tranquility and relaxation, while white is a clean and crisp color that brings a sense of purity and simplicity to any space. Together, these two colors can create a peaceful oasis for rest and relaxation.
One way to incorporate this color scheme into your bedroom is by painting the walls a light shade of mint green, while keeping the ceiling and trim white. This will create a soft and calming atmosphere, without overwhelming the space with too much color. Additionally, adding white curtains, bedding, and furniture will create a cohesive and polished look.
Black and brown
Strong black and brown colors can be a great, distinctive choice to add depth and personality to a plain bedroom.
This color scheme is ideal for giving your space style and a mysterious, alluring aesthetic. To contrast with the deep black in your bedroom and increase its chicness, pick an earthy brown color.
Red and grey
Red and grey are a bold and sophisticated color combination for bedroom walls. This dynamic duo can create a cozy and romantic atmosphere, while also making a bold design statement.
When it comes to using red and grey in a bedroom, there are several different ways you can approach it. One popular option is to paint the walls a warm shade of grey and use red accents throughout the space. For example, you might choose a red comforter, throw pillows, or curtains to add pops of color to the room.
Vastu tips for bedroom walls
According to Vastu Shastra, green and brown are the best color combinations for bedrooms because they combine both of the colors that are associated with nature. According to Vastu Shastra guidelines, earthy brown and natural green are the best colors for the south-west bedroom. The walls of a bedroom with a north-west orientation can be decorated in white or gray tones. Select yellow and orange color scheme for your bedroom if you live in the south or southeast. Vastu recommends yellow, white, and blue color schemes for bedrooms located in the east.
Red is a vibrant, active color that is energizing if you’re looking for more options. Use it sparingly to reawaken passion in the bedroom. Combine it with white, which symbolizes peace. This two-color combination for bedroom walls will give the room a luxurious appearance while also increasing positive energy flow. Pink paint on the walls can provide a calming effect and is also associated with love. The best colors to use in bedrooms are a light shade of yellow or a light shade of blue.
Guidelines for selecting the color combination for bedroom walls
A bedroom’s walls can add elegance and visual contrast with the proper use of two color combinations. When choosing colors, comfort should always come first. The bedroom can become a relaxing retreat inside the house with the right wall colors. The bedroom’s walls should be made to feel tranquil and soothing by the use of these two colors, which will aid in good sleep.
When choosing a color scheme for the bedroom walls, take into account the size of the space, the décor’s overall theme, and the amount and direction of natural light. Create depth on the bedroom wall by using two neutral paint colors. The ceiling will appear higher if the top half is painted a lighter color.
The focus of the space might be an accent wall. The accent wall should ideally not have any windows or doors. A bedroom’s appearance can be improved by painting an accent wall. An accent wall with a mural or decal is both stylish and calming, especially for the bedroom.
When selecting colors for a bedroom’s interior, consider combining texture with colors. Add a metallic sheen to a maroon or blue, or a stone or marble-like texture to a neutral beige or brown.
To achieve dramatic effect in the painting of a wall, you can choose circles, a single large floral motif, or chevron herringbone patterns.
It’s not necessary to divide a pair of color combinations for bedroom walls exactly in half. To distinguish areas in the bedroom like the workstation, vanity, and reading corner from the sleeping area, use two colors.
Significance of different colours
The color of your bedroom walls has a big impact on your mood, habits, and sleeping patterns. Finding the ideal mix for your bedroom is crucial if you want it to feel the way you want it to. Here is the meaning behind each color and what it stands for.
White
White is regarded as the color of simplicity and purity, and it gives your bedroom a tranquil, relaxing atmosphere. Moreover, it makes a space look larger, more open, and brighter.
Blue
Despite being a cool color, blue gives your bedroom a little bit of warmth, especially if you choose a lighter shade. Blue color is associated with peace, tranquility, and spirituality, making it a perfect choice for your bedroom.
Black
Black is regarded as the color of sophistication, power, mystique, and elegance. A black bedroom is said to protect you by warding off bad thoughts and energies.
Orange
The color orange stands for health and vitality. It gives the space a playful feel and gives your bedroom a calming tone, allowing you to unwind and get a good night’s sleep.
Green
The color green represents growth, nature, freshness, and new beginnings in Feng shui. Your brain and eyes will be calm if you choose this color for the walls of your bedroom.
Pink
Lighter pink hues represent compassion and tenderness, while darker pink hues represent passion and love. Pink bedroom walls encourage peace and comfort.
Yellow
Yellow is regarded as the color of joy. It makes your space feel more alive and vibrant because it is cheery and bright. It is ideal for people who want to start each day with a dose of optimism.
An additional security deposit is required when renting a home to cover any unforeseen or unavoidable costs the landlord may incur at the tenant’s request. The amount, known as a security deposit, varies depending on the city, for instance, in Delhi, it typically amounts to one to two months’ worth of rent, though in some major cities, it might even be as much as one year’s worth. Therefore, a prospective tenant should discuss the security deposit and refund clauses with the landlord and include them in the lease.
What exactly is a security deposit?
When a tenant moves into a rental property, they must pay a sizable price to the landlord in advance. It is preserved for the duration of the rent and refunded at the end, with or without deductions. Since it is set aside for unforeseen circumstances that could arise during the tenancy, this money is crucial for the landlord. Landlords can use security money for repairs and rental funds, for instance, if the tenant breaches the terms of the lease by damaging the property or failing to, pay the rent.
Under the model Tenancy Act 2021, the tenant is required to pay security in advance. Landlords are not allowed to charge a security deposit for more than two months’ rent, and for residential properties, it cannot be more than six months. The security deposit is not refundable when the tenant leaves the rental property, though it should be repaid within the given time frame following an inspection of the property.
The security deposit does not qualify because it is a one-time payment even though a salaried employee’s monthly rent qualifies for the House Rent Allowance (HRA) deduction under Section 10 (13A) of the Income Tax Act of 1961. It is important to be aware that the cost of repairing any damage the tenant may have caused to the property, such as holes in the walls or broken windows, may be deducted from the security deposit. Therefore, the security deposit cannot be used to cover costs for fixing common wear and tear like peeling paint or fading wall paint.
Today’s Trends in Big Cities
The security deposit is also known as a caution deposit, and in India, each state has its own criteria for a security deposit that is required by the tenants to be paid as part of the rent. Based on the cost of living, the type of area, and the location, the landlord in urban regions will need a security deposit. Rent and security deposits increase with the property’s value.
The demand and availability of homes on the market are significant factors that influence the amount of the security deposit. Landlords increase their rental fees when there is a larger demand for rental accommodation and a lower supply of available properties. Rent and security deposit amounts are based on income level in affluent areas.
Security Deposit Refunds And Other Customary Rules
A security deposit is necessary to safeguard the landlord’s rights in the case of property damage or nonpayment of rent. According to the Model Tenancy Act, the landlord may deduct arrears in rent and other repair costs from the security deposit and reimburse the balance if the tenant vacates the property and the tenancy expires. The landlord is responsible for taking care of any necessary structural repairs, whitewashing, external electrical cable issues, and other maintenance-related issues unless the rental agreement specifies otherwise. The day to day upkeep of the home, including cleaning, replacing switches and sockets, repairing and maintaining kitchen fixtures, adn replacing glass panels in windows and doors, will be the responsibilities of the renters.
In order to prevent any disputes at the end of the tenancy, a rent can be discussed between the tenant and the landlord, and a valid rental agreement should be laid out.
The agreement must adhere to the following standards:
It must be signed by both the tenant and the landlord.
The agreement should include a security deposit amount clause.
It must be registered at the sub-registrar office in order to be enforceable.
The agreement should clearly state both parties’ obligations in order to prevent disputes.
Dos and don’ts of a Caution Deposit Lease Agreement?
One way to obligate both the tenant and the landlord to guarantee that the property is maintained in good condition is through the cautionary deposit. However, both parties must disclose their security deposit requirements in advance in order to avoid future issues.
Both parties must adhere to the following rules in order to create a positive owner-tenant relationship:
The rental agreement must state the amount of the security deposit paid by the tenant to the landlord and the date it will be returned.
The contract must be in writing and must be signed by both the renter and the owner.
When the lease term expires, the landlord is required to return the security deposit. They should give a detailed justification if they deduct anything from the total.
Before signing a lease, the renter must do research on the desired neighborhood because the security deposit amount varies by city. Additionally, they might consider hiring a real estate agent to assist them in finding a home that fits their budget and creating a mutually beneficial lease.
Are you trying to find a safer substitute for conventional interior paints? Read this article to find out how to pick painting supplies that will produce amazing results while having a minimal impact on the environment and your family’s health. The following information will help you choose non-toxic paint that is safe for you and the environment.
There are numerous alternatives for paint, ranging from brands and colors to finishes and formulations. As crucial as choosing the ideal hue for your living room or furniture restoration project may be, you should also consider the paint’s material. After all, it might include VOCs—harmful chemicals that could affect both the environment and the health of your family.
The Paint’s Composition
Paint’s most fundamental components are pigments for color and binders (also known as resins) for adhesion, which are combined in a liquid base (also known as a solvent) before being applied to surfaces. Acrylic and latex paints are water-based, while the synthetic solvent is frequently used with oil-based paint. As a general rule, paints that are water-based, such as latex and acrylic, are safer than paints that are oil-based.
Paint can also contain a variety of additives to improve its application, quickness of dying, durability, resistance to stains and scuffs, and other qualities. Fewer additives are generally better in terms of eco-safety. Pesticides (frequently present in “antifungal” paints), biocides (a typical preservative), and metals used in pigments (such as cadmium and chromium) are a few to be on the lookout for.
What Differentiates an Eco-FrienPaint?
The term “VOCs” has become a buzzword that most people have at least heard of. VOC stands for volatile organic compounds, the substances most frequently utilized as stabilizers, driers, thickeners, and preservatives in a range of industrial products.
How do VOCs work?
VOC concentrations are up to 10 times higher indoors than outdoors and are discharged into the air as gases with a strong, unpleasant odor. Sadly, their toxicity can linger for a very long time after the smell disappears.
The Environmental Protection Agency reports that the short- and long-term negative health impacts of VOCs range from allergic reactions, headaches, and nausea to diseases of the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, and even cancer. Certain VOCs have also been linked to ozone layer deterioration. The EPA now sets a limit of 250 gm/l for “low-VOC” latex paints and 380 gm/l for “low-VOC” oil-based paints for the amount of VOCs.
The “zero-VOC” paints that are currently on the market are better for the environment. While simpler formulations like chalk paint and milk paint (more on these below) may be completely VOC-free, some commercial paints with that label are only allowed to include 5gm/l of VOCs. Although it’s usually a good idea to ventilate the area where you’re painting, low- and zero-VOC paints have the advantage of not having a strong odor when applied.
Check certified seals
It can be difficult to determine what is in the paint can because paint manufacturers don’t frequently include all the components on the label. Even looking at the technical data sheet online might not give you all the information.
So, how can you be certain that the paint you purchase is eco-friendly? Look for independent testing certification seals. For example, paints with the GREENGUARD label contain less than 50 grams of VOC per liter, while paints with the Green Seal have a maximum of 50 grams for flat paint and 100 grams for non-flat paint.
The Coatings Research Group Inc., which has evaluated and certified the products under the GreenWise label, has less credibility than independent groups because it is an association of paint manufacturers.
Consider using natural paints
DIYers with environmental objectives should be aware that several types of paints, including chalk paint, clay paint, and milk paint, are low—or even no-VOC paints from major commercial manufacturers. The latter is typically more expensive, manufactured in smaller batches, and contains fewer and simpler ingredients. Clearly, people on a tight budget frequently select paints of this kind for tasks like giving old furniture items a brand-new coat rather than painting an entire room.
Remember that when it comes to paint products, “natural” has a somewhat ambiguous definition (for our purposes, we categorize chalk, clay, and milk paints as natural paints). Terpenes, for example, which are VOCs derived from plants, may be present in some natural paints. Furthermore, because casein, a protein used as a binder in milk paint, is a “natural” animal product, it may not be entirely regarded as environmentally sound given that large-scale dairy facilities have been shown to contribute to the production of greenhouse gases.
Top Eco-Friendly Paints
The earliest formulations used by large paint producers to create healthier and more environmentally friendly products had poor outcomes, but substantial advancements have been made over the past ten years.
Many of the low- and zero-VOC paints available today, including natural paints, offer great coverage, lovely hues, simple application, and even finishes. Yet, some consumers may still choose paints with compounds like biocides that withstand harsh wear and tear conditions for durability on exteriors and high-traffic surfaces like floors. (But keep in mind that a good latex paint with a high proportion of pigment and binder solids, particularly binders made entirely of acrylic polymers, might increase the product’s longevity.)
We’ve chosen five paint companies that provide eco-friendly solutions to make your home as toxic-free as possible.
Nilaya by Asian Paints
Nilaya Naturals, the first brand of organic paints in India, was introduced by Asian Paints in September 2019 during the AD Design Show in Mumbai. The organic paints are manufactured with all-natural components, including soya bean, whey protein, casein, castor seeds, calcium carbonate, need oil, and colors. A wholly natural composition has a number of benefits, such as neem oil’s antifungal and antibacterial characteristics that make the paint more breathable.
Kansai Nerolac Impressions Eco Clean
Nerolac, the second-largest paint manufacturer in India, transitioned to lead-free paints many years ago and recently decided to alter its brand by launching a line of water-based, low-VOC paints. Even though the eco-conscious line is more expensive, it lasts longer and offers a number of advantages, like a rich finish, antibacterial paint, stain resistance, fungal resistance, and more.
Berger Paints’ Silk Breathe Easy
Berger Paints, another well-known paint company in India, started their Green Horizon initiative to start over. To ensure that their products have no harmful effects on health, they eradicated lead, mercury, and chromium from their paints and significantly decreased VOCs and the number of aromatics. The Breathe Easy line has a low VOC content and formaldehyde-reducing properties. It is made with 100% acrylic emulsions and bright colors. Not only that, but they are also anti-bacterial, anti-pollution, and anti-infection, and they are certified by the Singapore Green Label.
Dulux India
The UK-based company is a market leader because of its numerous manufacturing facilities in India. The business also works daily to develop goods for a future with less pollution. One of their deliberate efforts is following the strictest environmental requirements for paints, which include lowering their VOC level. They want to improve air quality and make the air in our homes as fresh as possible by substituting water for the customary solvents used in paint.
Khadi Prakritik Paint
Khadi Prakritik Paint, manufactured by the Khadi and Village Industries Commission, is the first paint of its sort ever created in India and uses real cow dung as its primary ingredient. These non-toxic paints are marketed as environmentally safe and odorless. They also include anti-fungal and anti-bacterial characteristics.
